Course programme
Advanced PTA/PA
The Advanced PTA/PA course builds on the knowledge and experience gained from the Foundation PTA/PA course by dealing with the advanced functionality of the PTA module Saphir and PA module Topaze and the more complex aspects of analysis. Many examples are worked ‘hands on’ to illustrate the practical aspects of complex cases using the analytical and numerical methods. In keeping with the effort to keep things as simple as possible, but no simpler, problems are analysed at their simplest level with layers of complexity added as demanded by the particular case.

Pre-requisites to attend the course
To attend the APTA/PA course it is essential you have attended the Foundation PTA/PA (DDA I) or its equivalent and have at least six months of ‘real world’ PTA and/or PA experience. Without this experience it is unlikely you will keep pace with the course.

To check that you are ready to attend the APTA course please try the self-assessment test on our website. If you are an experienced PTA engineer but are not familiar with Saphir we can arrange a free demonstration copy of the software to assist you in your preparation prior to the course. Please contact tcs@kappaeng.com for assistance.

Software usage
The use of the software will be taught at an advanced level as part of this course. It is essential that attendees have attained a good working knowledge of Saphir and/or Topaze prior to registering for this course.

Refresher
Using a real field case, a very brief review of user knowledge and a brief revision of key principles to correct any misconceptions and to prepare our indepth look at transient and production analysis tools. The session includes the theory of diffusion, IARF and pseudo-steady state. The concept of the Bourdet derivative including derivation, properties and limitations. Test design and objectives, superposition in time and in space, sensitivity to input parameters, radius of investigation. Transient analysis and where it sits in relation to other reservoir engineering methods. Constant wellbore storage and why it never is, skin components, standard interpretation models including finite radius and fractured wells, doubleporosity reservoirs and boundary effects. This will also include a revision of the use of Saphir, with help on shortcuts and advanced level functionality.

Advanced wellbore models
Well performance models and intake with examples.

Advanced well models
A detailed look and worked examples of difficult limited entry, multilayer slanted, advanced horizontal, multilateral, numerical wriggly well, multi-frac horizontal and horizontal anisotropy. This will include looking at the theoretical derivation and response and comparing this to what happens in the real world. A detailed look at the parameters affecting pressure behavior in horizontal wells including low vertical permeability and partial horizontal drainage.
The session will include a number of real examples to illustrate the various issues.

Advanced reservoir models
Heterogeneous, composite reservoirs; their bad reputation and their real world use illustrated with examples. Advanced 2Φ, 2κ, multi composite, anisotropy and multilayer models stressing their complexity and the non-uniqueness of the solution.

Advanced boundary models
Complex boundary conditions and unconventional limits including constant pressure boundaries, leaking, conductive and non-continuous faults handled with a common sense approach. Finite reservoirs and material balance and the effect of compressibility on reserve estimations. A discussion of the validity of radius of investigation.

Deconvolution
The principle and the use of the complete production and pressure history in transient analysis, the use of the method for seeing deeper into the reservoir coupled with the limitations and caveats of the method illustrated by worked examples to help us define, question and verify the reservoir limits.

Minifrac analysis
Developing a consistent workflow combining the G-function plot with derivatives to define the leakoff behavior and the closure pressure. Including after closure analysis (ACA).

Analytical and/or numerical?
Development of the workflow from the simple analytical case through to the numerical case with increasing complexity. From 2D to 3D and multiphase using increasing geological and petrophysical data.

PTA and/or PA?
Comparing the information gained from looking at high resolution, high frequency data (PTA) and low resolution low frequency data (PA). Transient versus boundary dominated diffusion.

Complex PVT
The multiphase problem. Aquifers and the choice and tuning of the model. Non-Darcy flow. Heavy
oil analysis, gas condensate, using the non-linear
numerical model.

Imprimir